Via: Moolanomy
When I wrote Building, Diversifying, and Shifting Your Income Streams, there was an important element that I left out. That element was some practical real life ideas about how you can start building alternative income streams today. It is worth noting that not all of these are passive income ideas, so you will actually have to actively work for these income streams to grow.
Photo by ErRbBbiiIE via Flickr
In compiling this list, I did my best to avoid any sort of scams, and stay with practical ideas that work. I have not used all of these ideas, but I have used, or am using, many in this list.
Also, it’s important to note that some ideas may be worthwhile for you, some may not, depending on your financial situation.
Alternative Income Ideas:
In addition to basic ideas such as starting a business, getting a second job, and learning how to invest here are money making ideas you can try:
- Build a CD Ladder using high yield certificates of deposit.
- Switch to higher interest savings account.
- Peer to peer lending on various social lending networks.
- Sell used books and textbooks
- Use cash back reward credit cards strategically
- Freelancing — e.g., GoFreelance.com, Elance, Guru, RentACoder, Amazon Mechanical Turk, etc.
- Get cash rebates when shopping online using Ebates, and refer your friends for $5 each.
- Manage virtual portfolios and earn real money with UpDown.com and Wall Street Survivor.
- Make money blogging. You can learn more about blogging and start one. Here are some more good articles to start you off:
- How to Start a Blog for Fun or Profit - Introduction to a Series at Cash Money Life
- 28 Ways to Make Money with Your Website at Daily Blog Tips
- Write for money — e.g., Squidoo, Associated Content, Triond, etc.
- Becomes a landlord, or a real estate investor — e.g., rent out parking spaces, rooms, investment properties, etc.
- Offer basic services — e.g., babysitting, housekeeping, gardening, painting, etc.
- Offer skilled services — e.g., tutoring, resume writing, business consulting, blog development, logo design, etc.
- Turn your hobbies into income streams — e.g., photography, videography, quilting, etc.
- Perform your searches with Swagbucks.com and earn prizes.
- Sell handmade products on Etsy
- Write and sell eBooks
- Ghostwriting
- Enter contests and giveaways (use Google Alerts) and sell the prizes
- Search for freebies and sign-up bonuses.
- Earn money with online surveys
- Turn your everyday spending into college savings with Upromise
- Play the credit card arbitrage game (note: this is too risky for my tastes)
- Becomes an Amazon Associate, and ask your friends to use your affiliate link to buy things
- Sell unused items on eBay or Craigslist; or buy bulk items and resell them individually
- Sell your collectibles
- Start a bulk candy vending machine business
- Mystery shopping
- Find missing money — MissingMoney, Where’s My Refund, TreasuryHunt, PBGC database, and GovBenefits.gov
- Create and sell CafePress T-shirts, and check out this creative idea from I Wear Your Shirt.
- Set up niche online store — i.e., Amazon.com aStore or eBay Niche Store.
- Participate in paid focus group studies.
- Sell your body parts and fluids.
- Collect cans and bottles for recycling.
- Dog walking.
Alternative Income Resources:
- 52 Ways to Make Extra Money at Prime Time Money
- My Sources Of Alternative Income And How I Make Them Work For Me at My Two Dollars
- Multiple Income Streams: 10 Ways to Earn Extra Income at The Dough Roller
- Everyman’s Guide to $30 / Month in Passive Income at Four Pillars
- How to Make Your Income More Passive at Frugal Dad
- 5 Ways To Make Some Extra Money at Bible Money Matters
- Spend less than you earn - the wrong way to think at Brip Blap
- A Guide to Making Passive Income at Freelance Switch
- 20+ Free Passive Income Resources at Life Optimizer
- Passive Income: How to Earn More and Work Less at About.com
- 8 Ways To Earn Passive Income Online at iSiteBuild.com
- Five Ways to Create Passive Income With Little or No Money at Genius Types
- Automate Your Income to Simplify Your Life at Zen Habits
- Passive Income is the Key to Freedom and Retirement at All Financial Matters
- 11 Great Ways to Earn More Money at Free Money Finance
- Defining Alternative Income at Lazy Man and Money
- Ten Ways to Translate Your Passion Into Additional Income at The Simple Dollar
- 50+ Resources to Legitimately Raise Your Income at My Super-Charged Life
- 40 Ways to Make Money on the Internet at Dumb Little Man
- 102 Ways To Generate Extra Cash at Savings Advice
Losing My Travel Virginity: Homeless in Paris
Photo by the author
It had to be 30 degrees. Fog everywhere. A runner passed by on the sidewalk next to me. Lying there wearing all the clothes I had with me; a couple t-shirts, a waffle neck, a button-down collared shirt, and a hoodie, I looked ridiculous.
I was freezing. I was full out shaking. Trying to get my composure as I stood and I looked up, there it was: The Eiffel Tower.
I don’t think it had hit me yet. I was in Paris. Sleeping. Outside. In front of the Eiffel Tower. Who does that?
We were studying Spanish in Salamanca, Spain and had a free weekend. My buddy Landon had found 60€ tickets to Paris and convinced me to go for the weekend. Why not?
At this point in my 21 years of life experience, I had traveled a bit, but there had always been a specific reason (build a house, take Spanish classes, go the beach). I had never just traveled for the sake of traveling. There was always a plan, a purpose, a mission. Something about that morning changed that.
Too cheap for a hotel or even a hostel, we slept in the park in front of the Eiffel Tower. We didn’t have a cell phone, a guide book, or a map and neither of us knew anything in French beyond “bonjour.”
We’d wake up early, try to warm up by walk the Seine until a shop opened up where we could sit down and warm up with a cup of coffee. We spent the next few days simply walking around the city. Taking it all in. There was no schedule. No obligations. No worries.
We ate when we were hungry. We slept when we were tired. We’d go visit the Louvre if we were bored. We saw the sights and sounds of Paris in a unique way. In our way.
There was this new world. It was open. It was vague. It was liberating.
As we packed up our things that morning and placed them in our backpacks, I knew something would never be the same. As the fog began to disperse and the sun came out, I knew there was more. I knew this was just the beginning.
Community Connection
This piece is the latest in our new series Losing Your Travel Virginity. Please see our original submissions call at Matador if you’re interested in submitting your story.
For those wanting to follow in Joel’s footsteps, here’s a guide on How to Move to Paris with No Money.
'Many university grads lack critical employability skills'
Published: Sunday | May 24, 2009
Via: The Jamaica Gleaner
Carolyn Smith, director of career and employment services at Northern Caribbean University.
SOME UNIVERSITY graduates are not being employed, or are not landing their preferred jobs because they lack critical employability skills, says an executive of the Jamaica Employers' Federation (JEF).
According to Rickert Allen, JEF vice-president, many university graduates are just simply unprepared for the jobs they are seeking. He bemoans that job seekers often come to interviews without the requisite knowledge of the sectors in which they seek employment, or even an understanding of how they can add value to the organisation with which they want to work.
"A lot of the times we sit with persons coming for interviews and you ask them: 'What knowledge do you have of the particular industry where you want to work?' They have zero knowledge. No research was done," says Allen, who is a human resource specialist.
Problem-solving skills
Rickert Allen, vice-president -Jamaica Employers' Federation.
Adds Allen: "You ask them what is happening in the economy that would influence me to determine that you can add value to me? They can't answer that question, they are dumb. I'm not going to ask them about the principles of sociology and so on. That's not my role!"
He points to the findings of a study of job interviews attended by university graduates at a corporate institution, which show that, of 14 unsuccessful applicants, 50 per cent lacked basic problem-solving skills; 28 per cent lacked initiative and creativity, and 35 per cent lacked customer service skills.
Allen argues that many graduates, though possessing a high-quality degree, are nevertheless deficient because they do not demonstrate the capacity to think critically or to analyse problems - an important quality that most organisations seek.
"(Their responses) might be illogical, but it tells me that individual has the profile to think, and when you can think we then can provide you with the development strategies," he says.
Allen recommends that employers should seek to build more partnerships with universities in an effort to help shape the curriculum to include more work experience.
"We need to get it going so we can develop maturity," he says.
Carolyn Smith, director of career and employment services at the Northern Caribbean University, points out that the qualifications the labour force demands have changed over time, requiring graduates to be more than mere holders of a degree or other levels of qualification. They must be able to add value to the workforce.
New curriculum
Allison Pearson, Northern Caribbean University student.
"My bandwagon is now to train young people to go to school, so you can create your own job," Smith states, adding that entrepreneurship skills must be fused into the curriculum from as early as the high-school level.
Tracy Dolcy, a student at the University of the West Indies, goes a step further, suggesting that training for the workforce should start from the primary school or even the home.
"You can't bend the tomato tree when it is old. So you cannot expect three years of university to change a student from being a dunce to some kind of genius because anybody can swot CXC's, cram and get some excellent grades," she argues.
gareth.manning@gleanerjm.com
Excerpt from The Huffington Post
By David H. Murdock
David H. Murdock is Chairman and owner of Dole Food Company, Inc., the world's largest producer and marketer of fresh fruit, fresh vegetables, packaged and frozen foods. He is also Chairman, CEO and owner of Castle & Cooke, Inc., a leader in real estate development.
| Pineapple | Speeds post-surgery | Promotes joint health | Reduces asthma inflammation |
| Blueberries | Restore antioxidant levels | Reverse age-related brain decline | Prevent urinary tract infection |
| Spinach | Helps maintain mental sharpness | Reduces the risk of cancers of the liver, ovaries, colon and prostate | Top nutrient density |
| Red Bell Peppers | Reduces risk of lung, prostate, ovarian and cervical cancer | Protects against sunburn | Promotes heart health |
| Broccoli | Reduces diabetic damage | Lowers risk of prostate, bladder, colon, pancreatic, gastric and breast cancer | Protects the brain in event of injury |
| Tomato | Reduces inflammation | Lowers risk of developing esophageal, stomach, colorectal, lung and pancreatic cancer | Reduces cardiovascular disease risk |
| Apple | Supports immunity | Fights lung and prostate cancer | Lowers Alzheimer’s risk |
| Artichoke | Helps blood clotting | Antioxidant Superfood | Lowers “bad” cholesterol |
| Arugula | Lowers birth defect risk | Reduces fracture risk | Protects eye health |
| Asparagus | Nourishes good gut bacteria | Protects against birth defects | Promotes heart health |
| Avocado | Limits liver damage | Reduces oral cancer risk | Lowers cholesterol levels |
| Blackberries | Build bone density | Suppress appetite | Enhance fat burning |
| Butternut Squash | Supports night vision | Combats wrinkles | Promotes heart health |
| Cantaloupe | Bolsters immunity | Protects skin against sunburn | Reduces inflammation |
| Carrot | Antioxidants defend DNA | Fights cataracts | Protects against some cancers |
| Cauliflower | Stimulates detoxification | Suppresses breast cancer cell growth | Defends against prostate cancer |
| Cherries | Alleviate arthritic pain and gout | Lower “bad” cholesterol | Reduce inflammation |
| Cranberries | Alleviate prostate pain | Fight lung, colon and leukemia cancer cells | Prevent urinary tract infection |
| Green Cabbage | Promotes healthy blood clotting | Reduces risk of prostate, colon, breast and ovarian cancers | Activates the body’s natural detoxification systems |
| Kale | Counters harmful estrogens that can feed cancer | Protects eyes against sun damage and cataracts | Increases bone density |
| Kiwi | Combats wrinkles | Lowers blood clot risk and reduces blood lipids | Counters constipation |
| Mango | Supports immunity | Lowers “bad” cholesterol | Regulates homocysteine to protect arteries |
| Mushrooms | Promote natural detoxification | Reduce the risk of colon and prostate cancer | Lower blood pressure |
| Orange | Reduces levels of “bad” cholesterol | Lowers risk of cancers of the mouth, throat, breast and stomach, and childhood leukemia | Pectin suppresses appetite |
| Papaya | Enzymes aid digestion | Reduces risk of lung cancer | Enhances fat burning |
| Plums & Prunes | Counter constipation | Antioxidants defend against DNA damage | Protects against post-menopausal bone loss |
| Pomegranate | Enhances sunscreen protection | Lowers “bad” cholesterol | Fights prostate cancer |
| Pumpkin | Protects joints against polyarthritis | Lowers lung and prostate cancer risk | Reduces inflammation |
| Raspberries | Inhibit growth of oral, breast, colon and prostate cancers | Antioxidant DNA defense | Lower “bad” cholesterol levels |
| Strawberries | Protect against Alzheimer’s | Reduce “bad” cholesterol | Suppress growth of colon, prostate and oral cancer |
| Sweet Potato | Reduces stroke risk | Lowers cancer risk | Protect against blindness |
| Watermelon | Supports male fertility | Reduces risk of several cancers: prostate, ovarian, cervical, oral and pharyngeal | Protects skin against sunburn |
| Banana | Increases Fat Burning | Lowers risk of colorectal and kidney cancer, leukemia | Reduces asthmas symptoms in children |
My View:
Okay, we're not going to argue that a diet rich in fruits and vegetables is better than junk food and fast food, but let's not get carried away, Murdock. Firstly, you might as well have started the article with "Buy Dole Foods". Furthermore, "your" "research" is either in its early stages or inconclusive for the most part. All that being said, these foods are good for you, but Mr Dole left out too many other "super" foods to mention...It might have been more about Dole's health than mine or yours.
Leave A Comment Here.
By Tyler Hayes
via: Brazen Careerist
Generation Y (and possibly Generation Z) might be in big trouble. We’re stepping into the world as if what our parents told us still holds true. One problem: much of what we were told about how to live our lives has completely changed. Parenting, education, even beliefs, have all been challenged. Both by technology’s increasing rate of advancement and especially the Internet.
Our parents led lives based on what their parents told them. We don’t get that luxury. Much of what our parents told us will not hold true as we get older. “Find a job that pays money, even if you’re miserable, and stick to it.” “Go to college, and you’re guaranteed a good job.” ”
A few examples, though there are plenty more:
- Job security - Most people think of Gen Y as job-hoppers; but, as it turns out, it’s not our fault. It’s because the Top 10 jobs in 2010 didn’t exist in 2004. The U.S. Department of Labor estimates that today’s learner will have 10-14 jobs by the age of 38. (I’ve already had 7 and I’m 23.)
- Job competition - Gen Y is already the largest workforce. Three billion people lived on this planet when the Baby Boomers (our parents) were born. Now, there are seven billion people. Fortunately, the global population growth rate has slowed a bit. Still, that’s a lot more competition.
- Education system - Our education system isn’t broken, it’s obsolete, argues Alex Krupp. I agree. Sadly, the Internet has made us worse at concentration. We have trouble memorizing large amounts of facts; though, I would contend that saliency is more important than the broad, sweeping strokes of rote memorization our education system has used for the past 100 years. On the bright side, the Internet has also made Millenials much better at speed (we learn more quickly) & creativity.
- Methods of learning - For students starting a 4-year mechanical degree, 50% of what they learn in their first year will be outdated by their third year. Gen Y does just as much research & rating for jobs, products, people, and travel as older generations. This, multiplied with their incessant communication with each other and other unfamiliars, leads to unprecedented amounts of information intake. In fall 2001, 99 percent of public schools in the United States had access to the Internet. When I was in college, 100% of my classes used the Internet (not just e-mail, either) in some fashion, most used all fashions: teaching, delivering assignments, grading assignments, class communication.
- Growing up - Generation Y leads Internet usage numbers-wise according to Pew/Internet, though they define Gen Y as born between 1977-1990, whereas the standard is typically 1981-1990. This could potentially lead to over-attribution of Gen Xers to Gen Y, lowering the overall Gen Y percentages (vice versa for Gen X). Millenials use the Internet mostly (and more than any other generation) for entertainment & social interaction. They are writing, reading, watching, and listening to things that previous generations didn’t have access to until they were much older. As such, they are growing up faster and learning more about the world around them even faster.
- Cost of learning - Having just spent (through grants, loans, scholarships, and wonderful parents) $40,000/year at St. Olaf, I can’t imagine what my children might have to pay. My grandpa talks about how, since he paid his way through college, I should have been able to do the same. I’ll do that the next time he can find me a $60,000/year job straight out of high school.
- Human interaction - Our parents had face-to-face contact, and eventually even telephones. It was pretty easy to decide how you could appropriately get a hold of someone, right? We have cell phones, email, text, IMing, chat rooms, VoIP, video chat, Internet forums, Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn, and more. Where to start…
However, there is some good news. Gen Y can at least look forward to retaining/losing the following parenting skills (depending on your perspective):
- Getting fed up - “Because I said so!” Can’t beat that.
- Motherisms - ”Reading in the dark hurts your eyes. Go to bed.” It’s not the point, it’s the tone…
- Fatherisms - “When I was your age…” Just try and contest me!
By Stuart Foster
via:Brazen Careerist
Start-up fever is in full swing. Everyone wants to be the next Larry and Sergei or Mark Zuckerberg? Hell, they may even want to be Ron Popeil. The reason? Tight credit conditions and clear needs being created in the market by retrenching companies are making small, agile privateers the company of choice. Add in a lot of additional brainpower amongst the laid off and you can see why the idea has so much appeal.
Guess what though? There is a reason 90% of all new businesses fail. So here are five tips (all marketing/PR related) to keep you from crashing out of the gate:
1. Do your Homework. Is a clear need present? Do you have a business plan? Have you identified your competition, potential allies and done a thorough study of the industry you are launching yourself into? Have you done a SWOT analysis even? Don’t jump in head first. You will cost yourself a lot of money and/or heartache.
2. Bootstrap your marketing campaign and go low tech. Product/platform development should be the primary concern. However, lay the groundwork for a multi-channel launch and subsequent tiered marketing campaign. Lay out all your plans initially but give yourself enough room to deviate. It’s far easier to have a plan and deviate from it then fly by the seat of your pants.
3. Attack from the Periphery. Slow steady buzz is always better then enormous buzz and then a let down. Promote your product/site within it’s capabilities and don’t overstretch. A balanced steady stream of information, promotion and buzz can build into a massively successful launch and prolonged stretch of goodwill/interest. You’ve built a solid foundation. How high you build your company is now is dependent on your effort there after and your will to succeed.
4. Build a vocal active community. Vital for prolonged success and your sanity. Having a great community can provide a lot of solutions to a variety of different areas in your business. Creation of a free-flowing dialogue will save you countless headaches and keep you honest about the actual validity of your ideas. They can be used as a sounding board, quality control, and your most effective evangelists/promoters.
5. Hire a HUNGRY Chief Marketing Officer (CMO). This should always be your second or third hire. The only person possibly more vital to your success as a business will be your CFO (who ensures you have enough money to run your business and the rate at which you can expand). This person can direct initial campaigns, create the ground work for a PR program, and eventually oversee a dynamic marketing department. Effectively building marketing campaigns from scratch is damn hard and time consuming. So leave it with the guy who will shoot for the moon (and hit it dead on).
It’s easy to sit on the sidelines and throw stones at failed start-ups. However, remember how much balls it takes to go for it. You have no safety net, back up plan or escape route. You will live and die with the success of your company. So I salute anyone willing to go out there and take the plunge. Have more tips? Leave them below.
By Jake Greene
via: Brazen Careerist
Be honest…
1. Would you rather be wealthy or memorable?
2. Do you want a job that you think about after work?
3. Would you like to be the smartest person at your office?
4. At what age would you like your “Most Exciting Career Moment” to take place?
5. Could you fire your closest colleague at work?
6. If you had to quit your career and start over in a different industry, what would it be?
7. Would you rather be in demand for the depth of your expertise or the breadth of your versatility?
8. If your dream job required you to work from 5pm to 5am (60 hours a week) for 4 years, would you do it?
9. If you could sign a 12-year, $20 million contract to pick up dog poop around your neighborhood for 60 hours a week, would you do it?
10. Would you rather be revered as a subordinate or feared as the boss?
Feel free to comment. I’d love to hear your thoughts on these.
Are there any other questions that could be added to the list?
Malice of the Clipse has posted some REAL REALNESS on his first video blog post. Thought I would share it wid y'all. He's always cookin' sumn...
Malice Video Blog 1 from Malice of the Clipse on Vimeo.
Leave A Comment Here.
Are you meditating 30 minutes each day? If not, you should be.
An intelligent person like you can’t afford to pass up such a wonderful and enlightening experience.
What? You don’t know what meditation is? (I’ll wait while you imagine a monk sitting with his legs crossed humming “hmmm”…)
Don’t worry you’re not alone, and lucky for you, you don’t have to be a Buddhist Monk to participate.
So what is meditation? If you were to have a dictionary on hand it would state, “The action or practice of meditating” Gee thanks pocket dictionary..
Shall we dive a little deeper?
This is my definition of mediation, so if you don’t like it you can go buy another dictionary 
Mediation is a period of time in which your thoughts flow free of judgment. It is a period of time in which you just “be.” Mediation is a doorway for you to explore your spirituality. Meditation is a time in which you become in-sync with your true-self. Meditation is a time in which your conscious mind is able to recharge after being constantly bombarded with stimuli. Mediation is the process of connecting with the energy of humanity.
The simplest and quickest way to completely transform your life is to practice daily meditation.
Let me repeat that again:
The simplest and easiest way to completely transform your life is to practice daily meditation.
Social Conditioning:
It’s unfortunate, but most of the Western World views meditation as a waste of time. “What 30 minutes of doing nothing? Your crazy.” Is a response I often hear. Many individuals claim meditation to be nothing more than a bunch of “new age” crap. This kind of thinking unfortunately prevents millions of people from experiencing what it truly means to live. If only some people were a bit more open minded…
How To Meditate:
Still reading? Great. Now I’m going to teach you how to meditate.
Take a moment and find a quite place where you will not be disturbed.
Turn off the computer (yes that means you must stop reading this blog) and your cell phone.
Get comfortable. Close your eyes. Now breath. Take a deeeep breath. Just let your thoughts flow in and out, not paying particular attention to any certain one.
After about 30 seconds it should begin to get uncomfortable. This is your social conditioning kicking in. Perhaps you may think, “This is a waste of time.” Who knew doing nothing could be so difficult?
Let your thoughts flow.
Just keep breathing. Feels good doesn’t it?
After a good 10 minutes or so, you should now be entering a deep meditative state. This state should be particularly soothing. Take some time and notice your body. Feel the sensations in your hands, your toes, and your heart.
See how long you can go without thinking. At first this may appear to be impossible, however you will be surprised at what you’re capable of. The important thing is that you just be. Tune in to your higher self. Visualize. Pray. Breathe. Enjoy.
My Experience With Meditation:
The topic of meditation has always fascinated me. 30 minutes of doing nothing? Sweet. I have read numerous personal development books and it seems that nearly all the happy and successful individuals spend a great deal of time mediating each day. Spiritual leader Deepak Chopra recommends meditating 30 minutes each morning and 30 minutes at night.
Can doing nothing for 30 minutes each day really transform your life? Considering all the health benefits, I figured I’d give it a try. As with many, I at first found meditation to be incredibly awkward. I often thought to myself “ Am I really doing this?” However this awkwardness soon disappeared. I now look forward to my daily time alone. Meditation has transformed my life.
Oneness
Oneness is a wonderful benefit of meditation.When I am in a deep state of meditation I can’t help but feel connected to the entire world because meditation is the flow of thoughts without judgment. It often takes me some time to reach this state but when I do, I feel connected to everything and everyone. The great thing about this feeling is it strengthens the longer my mediation lasts. Upon completing my meditations I almost always feel a sense of peace. Sometimes I choose to connect with my friends through meditation by simply opening myself up to this type of communication. I always feel at home when I’m connected with the world.
Intentions
Your intentions quickly manifest when your mind is calm, therefore meditation is a perfect time to send out your intentions. I personally love sending out my intentions during my meditations. While meditating, I often find that my intentions are authentic rather than simply constructed from social conditioning. I often find these intentions to be more congruent with my life purpose.
Thanks
Sometimes during my meditations I like to give thanks. I simply send out a simple intention, thanking the world for all it has given me. I often give thanks for the extraordinary relationships I have been able to manifest. These meditations are often my favorite for it leaves me feeling extremely blessed. What are you grateful for?
Prayer
Occasionally while meditating I feel a strong urge to send out intentions for those in need. I find that whenever I begin praying I often pray for longer then intended. During my last meditation I prayed for 20 individuals. I say this not to show how many people I prayed for but rather show the power of prayer.
Visualization
I often take some time to visualize my ideal state of being. I picture myself in my ideal life. The power of imagination is extraordinary. Simply picturing yourself in your ideal state can do wonders for your health and well being. My visualizations often leave me feeling powerful and strong. If you had the “perfect” life what would it be like? How’s your health? Your relationships? Are you financially independent? Take some time to imagine your ideal life.
Conclusion
We live in a world of constant stimuli. We push ourselves to the limits and in the process forget to let our mind and soul recharge,and as a result we become stressed and sick. It doesn’t have to be that way. Life is meant to be enjoyed. Meditate today.Be sure to leave a comment.
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